How do stone sculptures influence microclimates in urban plazas?

Stone sculptures in urban plazas play a significant role in influencing microclimates by altering temperature, airflow, and humidity. Their thermal mass absorbs heat during the day and releases it slowly at night, moderating temperature fluctuations. Large sculptures provide shade, reducing surface temperatures and creating cooler zones for pedestrians. Additionally, their placement can disrupt wind patterns, improving ventilation or creating sheltered areas. The materials and textures of stone also affect moisture retention, contributing to localized humidity changes. By integrating sculptures thoughtfully, urban designers can enhance comfort and sustainability in public spaces.