What are the differences in sonar reflectivity between metals for underwater outdoor sculptures?

The sonar reflectivity of metals used in underwater outdoor sculptures varies significantly due to differences in material density, surface smoothness, and acoustic impedance. Metals like stainless steel and titanium exhibit high reflectivity because of their dense molecular structure, creating strong sonar echoes. In contrast, aluminum and bronze may produce weaker reflections due to their lower density and potential surface oxidation. The shape and texture of the sculpture also play a role—smooth surfaces reflect sound waves more uniformly, while rough or irregular surfaces scatter them. Understanding these differences helps artists and engineers design sculptures that either stand out or blend into their marine environments, depending on the desired aesthetic and functional outcomes. Additionally, environmental factors like water salinity and depth can further influence sonar detection, making material selection critical for long-term underwater installations.