What are the challenges of achieving smooth curves in thick aluminum plate outdoor sculptures?

Creating smooth curves in thick aluminum plate outdoor sculptures presents several unique challenges. First, aluminum's inherent rigidity makes it difficult to bend without causing cracks or deformations, especially in thicker plates. The material's tendency to spring back after bending requires precise calculations and repeated adjustments. Additionally, outdoor conditions like temperature fluctuations can further complicate the process, as aluminum expands and contracts. Welding thick aluminum plates to form curves often leads to heat distortion, requiring skilled craftsmanship to maintain the desired shape. Finally, achieving a flawless surface finish demands advanced polishing and coating techniques to resist weathering. These factors make smooth curves in thick aluminum sculptures a test of both artistry and engineering.