How do cast iron outdoor sculptures handle prolonged exposure to industrial pollutants?

Cast iron outdoor sculptures are renowned for their durability, but prolonged exposure to industrial pollutants can pose challenges. Industrial areas often emit sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter, which accelerate corrosion and discoloration. However, cast iron's inherent resistance to rust, combined with protective coatings like wax, paint, or specialized sealants, helps mitigate damage. Regular maintenance—cleaning with mild detergents and reapplying protective layers—is essential to preserve the sculpture's integrity. Over time, some artists even embrace the natural patina formed by pollutants, adding character to the piece. Proper care ensures these artworks endure harsh environments while maintaining their aesthetic appeal.