How does marble’s softness limit its use in figurative public art?

Marble, prized for its beauty and workability, has been a favored material for sculptors since antiquity. However, its relative softness compared to other stones like granite or basalt poses significant challenges for figurative public art. With a Mohs hardness rating of 3-4, marble is vulnerable to weathering, erosion, and mechanical damage when exposed to outdoor conditions.

The fine details that make marble ideal for intricate indoor sculptures become liabilities in public spaces. Rainwater gradually dissolves calcite in the stone, while temperature fluctuations cause micro-fractures. Atmospheric pollution accelerates surface deterioration, particularly in urban environments. Foot traffic and accidental contact further compound these issues, making marble unsuitable for interactive or low-placed public artworks.

While marble remains excellent for protected monuments or replicas of classical works, contemporary public artists often choose more durable alternatives. Modern conservation techniques can extend marble's lifespan outdoors, but require costly maintenance. This inherent vulnerability explains why most enduring figurative public art utilizes harder stones or bronze, reserving marble for controlled environments where its aesthetic qualities can be preserved.