What historical innovations allowed for the mass production of cast iron figurative sculptures?

The mass production of cast iron figurative sculptures became possible due to several groundbreaking historical innovations. The Industrial Revolution played a pivotal role, introducing advanced iron casting techniques like sand casting and improved furnace designs. The development of coke-fired blast furnaces in the 18th century allowed for higher-quality iron production at lower costs. In the 19th century, innovations in pattern-making and mold creation enabled precise replication of intricate designs. The growth of railway networks facilitated distribution, while rising middle-class demand drove commercialization. Together, these technological and societal changes transformed cast iron sculptures from rare art objects into widely accessible decorative pieces, marking a significant chapter in both industrial and art history.