How are undercuts and complex geometries achieved in cast iron figurative sculpture molds?

Achieving undercuts and complex geometries in cast iron figurative sculpture molds requires specialized techniques to ensure precision and durability. Here’s how it’s done:

1. Multi-Piece Molds: Complex shapes often necessitate multi-part molds, allowing for the removal of intricate undercuts once the casting is complete.

2. Sand Cores: For hollow or deeply recessed areas, sand cores are inserted into the mold to create internal cavities without compromising structural integrity.

3. Lost-Wax Casting: This method involves creating a wax model, coating it in ceramic, and melting the wax away to leave a detailed mold for molten iron.

4. Flexible Mold Materials: Silicone or rubber molds can capture fine details and undercuts, then be carefully peeled away after casting.

5. Chasing and Finishing: Post-casting, artisans refine undercuts and complex areas manually using grinding and welding tools.

These techniques ensure that even the most intricate cast iron sculptures maintain their artistic integrity while being structurally sound.