What are the techniques for repairing spalled concrete in animal sculptures?

Spalled concrete in animal sculptures can detract from their beauty and structural integrity. To repair this damage, follow these techniques:

1. Assessment: Inspect the sculpture to determine the extent of the spalling and underlying causes, such as moisture or freeze-thaw cycles.

2. Cleaning: Remove loose concrete and debris using a wire brush or low-pressure water jet. Ensure the surface is clean and dry before proceeding.

3. Patching: Apply a high-quality concrete patching compound, matching the texture and color of the original sculpture. Use a trowel to smooth the surface.

4. Bonding Agent: For deeper repairs, apply a bonding agent to enhance adhesion between the old and new concrete layers.

5. Sealing: Protect the repaired area with a concrete sealer to prevent future moisture penetration and spalling.

6. Finishing: Once the repair is complete, blend the patched area with the surrounding surface using paints or stains if necessary.

Regular maintenance and timely repairs will help preserve the longevity and appearance of your animal sculptures.