What are the effects of air pollutants on the patina of bronze-stone sculptures?
Air pollutants significantly affect the patina of bronze-stone sculptures, leading to accelerated corrosion and aesthetic degradation. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and particulate matter react with the metal surface, forming harmful compounds like sulfates and nitrates. These reactions disrupt the natural patina, causing discoloration, pitting, and structural weakening. High humidity and acid rain exacerbate the damage, making urban environments particularly hazardous for outdoor sculptures. Conservation efforts, such as protective coatings and regular cleaning, are essential to mitigate these effects. Understanding these impacts helps in preserving cultural heritage and maintaining the integrity of bronze-stone artworks for future generations.
