How do restoration experts match patinas on historic stone animal sculptures?

Restoration experts use a combination of scientific analysis and artistic skill to match patinas on historic stone animal sculptures. They begin by studying the original patina's composition, color, and texture through microscopic examination and chemical testing. Natural aging processes, environmental exposure, and previous treatments are also considered. Experts then replicate the patina using mineral pigments, lime washes, or controlled artificial aging techniques. The goal is to achieve a seamless blend with the original surface while preserving the sculpture's historical integrity. Advanced tools like spectrophotometers ensure color accuracy, while traditional methods maintain authenticity. This delicate balance between science and artistry ensures the sculpture's longevity and aesthetic continuity.