What are the effects of saltwater exposure on coastal stone animal sculptures?

Saltwater exposure significantly affects coastal stone animal sculptures, leading to visible and structural deterioration over time. The high salinity in marine environments accelerates chemical reactions within the stone, causing erosion, pitting, and surface flaking. Minerals in the stone, such as calcium carbonate, dissolve when exposed to saltwater, weakening the sculpture's integrity. Additionally, salt crystals form within the stone's pores during evaporation, creating internal pressure that further cracks and damages the material. Biological factors like algae and lichen growth, encouraged by the moist environment, also contribute to discoloration and surface degradation. Without proper maintenance, these sculptures may lose detail, stability, and artistic value. Protective measures, such as sealants or relocation, can help mitigate these effects and preserve these cultural artifacts for future generations.