What environmental factors accelerate weathering in marble animal sculptures?

Marble animal sculptures, while durable, are highly susceptible to weathering due to environmental factors. Acid rain, caused by pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, chemically reacts with marble (calcium carbonate), dissolving its surface and causing erosion. Temperature fluctuations lead to thermal stress, creating cracks as marble expands and contracts. Freeze-thaw cycles in colder climates worsen this damage when water seeps into cracks, freezes, and expands. Salt crystallization from coastal or de-icing salts also breaks down marble structures. Biological factors like lichen and moss growth retain moisture, accelerating decay. Prolonged exposure to wind and abrasive particles further wears down delicate details. To preserve these artworks, protective measures like sealants and sheltered placement are essential. Understanding these factors helps in maintaining marble sculptures for future generations.