How do artists use ruching to simulate muscle tension in animal forms?

Artists often employ ruching, a fabric manipulation technique, to create the illusion of muscle tension in animal forms. By carefully folding, pleating, or gathering materials, they mimic the natural contours and dynamic flexing of muscles beneath the skin. This method is particularly effective in sculptures, costumes, and textile art, where realism and movement are key. Ruching allows for subtle variations in texture and depth, capturing the organic flow of animal anatomy. Whether in taxidermy, puppetry, or wearable art, this technique breathes life into static forms, making them appear alive and kinetic. Mastery of ruching transforms flat surfaces into lifelike representations, showcasing the artist's skill in blending craftsmanship with biological accuracy.