How do artists use pleating or gathering to mimic animal skin folds in fabric?

Artists and fashion designers often draw inspiration from nature, particularly the intricate folds and textures of animal skin. To replicate these organic patterns in fabric, they employ techniques like pleating and gathering. Pleating involves folding fabric in precise, even intervals to create structured ridges, while gathering uses stitches to bunch fabric into soft, irregular folds. These methods allow designers to mimic the natural drape and texture of animal hides, such as the wrinkled skin of elephants or the scaly surface of reptiles. By experimenting with different fabrics and tension levels, artists achieve lifelike effects that enhance the visual and tactile appeal of their work. Whether in haute couture or textile art, these techniques bridge the gap between nature and craftsmanship, offering endless creative possibilities.