What are the structural limitations of pine when designing dynamic animal sculptures?

Pine wood, while affordable and widely available, presents several structural limitations when used for dynamic animal sculptures. Its relatively soft nature makes it prone to chipping and splitting during intricate carving, especially for delicate features like thin limbs or expressive facial details. The wood's pronounced grain can interfere with smooth contours, forcing artists to work with rather than against its natural patterns. Pine lacks the density required for long, unsupported elements common in dynamic poses, often necessitating internal armatures for stability. Additionally, its susceptibility to warping and cracking under stress limits its use for sculptures requiring tension or movement. Seasonal expansion and contraction further challenge the longevity of pine sculptures, particularly in outdoor installations. While suitable for static or low-detail works, these constraints make pine less ideal for complex, dynamic animal representations compared to harder woods or alternative materials.