What historical artists pioneered the use of composite materials in abstract works?

The use of composite materials in abstract art marked a revolutionary shift in the 20th century, blending traditional techniques with unconventional mediums. Pioneers like Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque introduced collage elements, incorporating materials such as newspaper, fabric, and wood into their Cubist works. Later, artists like Robert Rauschenberg and Jean Dubuffet expanded these ideas, using industrial scraps and organic matter to challenge artistic norms. Their innovative approaches not only redefined abstraction but also influenced generations of mixed-media artists. This exploration of composite materials opened new creative possibilities, merging art with everyday objects to reflect the complexities of modern life.